{"id":3310,"date":"2024-04-22T04:07:38","date_gmt":"2024-04-22T04:07:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oligox.abtvn.com\/?p=3310"},"modified":"2025-08-01T04:00:06","modified_gmt":"2025-08-01T04:00:06","slug":"reporter-va-quencher-cho-probe-qpcr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oligox.abtvn.com\/en\/reporter-va-quencher-cho-probe-qpcr\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00c1CH CH\u1eccN REPORTER V\u00c0 QUENCHER PH\u00d9 H\u1ee2P CHO PROBE qPCR"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi qPCR v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 reporter<\/strong> n\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb qPCR trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ho\u1eb7c \u0111ang thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 cho x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn quencher<\/strong>. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean, th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn reporter v\u00e0 quencher ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 cho x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m qPCR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Probe (\u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea7u d\u00f2 (Probe)<\/a><\/strong> l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 DNA ho\u1eb7c RNA nh\u1ecf, m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01a1n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eaft c\u1eb7p, li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 tr\u00ean DNA ho\u1eb7c RNA m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. Hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 kh\u00e1c nhau bao g\u1ed3m: \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 Taqman, \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 molecular beacons, \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 MGB Eclipse, \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 hybridization. Trong \u0111\u00f3, Taqman l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qPCR v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ph\u00e1t hu\u1ef3nh quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u 5\u2019 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Reporter<\/strong>; v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 hu\u1ef3nh quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u 3\u2019 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Quencher<\/strong> (H\u00ecnh 1)<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 Taqman v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n th\u00ec quencher s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u hu\u1ef3nh quang ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u reporter th\u00f4ng qua hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng truy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng hu\u1ef3nh quang (fluorescent resonance energy transfer<\/strong>) g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 FRET<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft th\u00ec \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng quencher s\u1ebd h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 h\u1ebft t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u do reporter ph\u00e1t ra, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf  m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a quencher kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 100%. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a quencher th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi 2 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m (1) kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u1eadt l\u00fd gi\u1eefa reporter v\u00e0 quencher. Quencher c\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n Reporter th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u hu\u1ef3nh quang c\u1ee7a quencher c\u00e0ng cao. (2) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch, ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa gi\u1eefa b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a reporter v\u00e0 quencher. S\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5p \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng k\u00edch th\u00edch v\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a reporter b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a quencher \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh
H\u00ecnh 1. <\/strong>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng FRET.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 trong qPCR<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qPCR, \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 Taqman th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n DNA c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00f3 trong m\u1eabu c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 Taqman trong qPCR \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y minh ho\u1ea1 \u1edf H\u00ecnh 2 <\/em><\/strong>nh\u01b0 sau: khi trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng qPCR c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau th\u00ec d\u1ea7u d\u00f2 Taqman s\u1ebd li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u01b0\u1edbc primer v\u00e0 \u1edf sau v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a primer theo chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb 5\u2019 \u0111\u1ebfn 3\u2019. Khi \u0111\u00f3 enzyme Taq polymerase<\/em> ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i primer \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u00ean s\u1ee3i m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn khi g\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 Taqman th\u00ec Taq polymerase <\/em>s\u1ebd th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh exconuclease t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1eaft b\u1ecf c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00fac n\u00e0y, reporter c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi quencher. Khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng k\u00edch th\u00edch, c\u00e1c reporter n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u hu\u1ef3nh quang \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e1y real-time PCR ghi nh\u1eadn do l\u00fac n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1eeb quencher. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, th\u00ec t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u hu\u1ef3nh quang thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh
H\u00ecnh 2. <\/em><\/strong>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3. C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn reporter v\u00e0 quencher ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

3.1. Ch\u1ecdn reporter<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

3.1.1. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, reporter l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed g\u1eafn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u 5\u2019 c\u1ee7a probe khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng k\u00edch th\u00edch (Absorption max) ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t ra t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u hu\u1ef3nh quang (Emission max).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: ph\u00e2n t\u1eed FAM s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u hu\u1ef3nh quang khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 495 nm.  Hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i reporter kh\u00e1c nhau. Cho n\u00ean khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn reporter cho probe c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, m\u00e1y qPCR \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t ra c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng k\u00edch th\u00edch, t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi reporter \u0111\u00f3. Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng k\u00edch th\u00edch, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a hu\u1ef3nh quang ph\u00e1t ra cho c\u00e1c reporter ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qPCR \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft \u1edf H\u00ecnh 3<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh
H\u00ecnh 3. <\/strong>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c reporter \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong qPCR<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3.1.2. Ch\u1ecdn reporter cho ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng qPCR Multiplex<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng multiplex qPCR y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed7i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t reporter c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Khi \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c reporter c\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng k\u00edch th\u00edch, b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u hu\u1ef3nh quang c\u00e1ch xa nhau \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5u t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c reporter n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: khi multiplex hai t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn FAM v\u00e0 HEX thay v\u00ec ch\u1ecdn FAM v\u00e0 TET.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa l\u00e0 h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c reporter c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 k\u00eanh m\u00e0u FAM cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n, tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, \u00edt hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n trong m\u1eabu. C\u00f2n c\u00e1c reporter c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n, tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

3.2. Ch\u1ecdn quencher<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Quencher l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng hu\u1ef3nh quang ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb reporter khi reporter nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng k\u00edch th\u00edch. N\u00ean vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c quencher c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a quencher c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t hu\u1ef3nh quang c\u1ee7a reporter hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: quencher BHQ1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 hu\u1ef3nh quang trong kho\u1ea3ng 480-580 nm (t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t 534 nm) s\u1ebd h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u hu\u1ef3nh quang c\u1ee7a FAM, HEX t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi BHQ2 ho\u1eb7c BHQ3. Chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn quencher n\u00e0o v\u1edbi reporter n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf H\u00ecnh 4<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh
H\u00ecnh 4. <\/strong>C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn quencher ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi reporter<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra quencher c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 2 lo\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m: quencher ph\u00e1t hu\u1ef3nh quang v\u00e0 quencher ph\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quencher ph\u00e1t hu\u1ef3nh quang<\/strong> l\u00e0 c\u00e1c quencher khi h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng hu\u1ef3nh quang t\u1eeb reporter th\u00ec s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, do \u0111\u00f3 quencher n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t ra hu\u1ef3nh quang nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c CCD hay c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn quang v\u00ec b\u1ecb c\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi k\u00ednh l\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng hu\u1ef3nh quang ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb reporter. TAMRA l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda cho quencher ph\u00e1t hu\u1ef3nh quang, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng reporter l\u00e0 FAM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a quencher ph\u00e1t hu\u1ef3nh quang l\u00e0 hu\u1ef3nh quang ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb quencher c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng k\u00edch th\u00edch reporter c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quencher ph\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong> l\u00e0 quencher s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t thay v\u00ec \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. Ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y cho n\u00ean c\u00e1c quencher ph\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng multiplex qPCR t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec5u ch\u00e9o c\u00e1c k\u00eanh m\u00e0u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c quencher nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 hu\u1ef3nh quang r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh n\u00ean hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00e1c quencher ph\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng qPCR. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quencher ph\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh: DABCYL, BHQ, IBFQ nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c quencher BHQ.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Johansson, M. K. (2006). Choosing reporter-quencher pairs for efficient quenching through formation of intramolecular dimers. Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.), 335, 17\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1385\/1-59745-069-3:17<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pazdernik, N., & Prediger, E. (2015, April 7). qPCR Probes: Selecting reporter dyes and quenchers. Integrated DNA Technologies. https:\/\/www.idtdna.com\/pages\/education\/decoded\/article\/qpcr-probes-selecting-the-best-reporter-dye-and-quencher<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Real-time PCR. (n.d.). ABT BIOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS COMPANY LIMITED. Retrieved March 5, 2024, from https:\/\/abtvn.com\/real-time-pcr\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi qPCR v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 reporter n\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb qPCR trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 cho x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn quencher. 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